The Healthspan Map · Sleep (Ch6)

Sleep regularity

What this is linked to

Where Sleep regularity is linked — 20 sources.In the order the Map holds them: strongest evidence first. That is a statement about the evidence, not about what matters most.
Nutrient or leverDirectionStrengthEvidence typeWhat was foundSource
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingCohort / observationalIrregular/disturbed sleep patterns contribute to the daytime dysfunction linked to falls.Sleep & falls longitudinal study (SWAN, PMC11688990) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateSystematic reviewSleep deprivation impairs attention and working memory; 7-8 h is optimal for cognition.Sleep-cognition overview 2023 (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateCohort / observationalCircadian misalignment blunts daytime alertness; realigning the sleep-wake schedule and light timing restores next-day energy.Morning light & sleep/alertness field study (PubMed 36058557) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateRCT / meta-analysisInsomnia roughly doubles the risk of developing depression (OR 2.60); a core modifiable risk factor.Baglioni et al. 2011 (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateRCT / meta-analysisIrregular sleep is a major migraine trigger; consistent sleep-wake schedules are a cornerstone of prevention.Robblee & Starling 2019, Cleveland Clinic J Med; lifestyle-migraine meta 2024 (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateReview / narrativeIrregular sleep is a major migraine trigger; consistent sleep-wake schedules are a cornerstone of prevention.Robblee & Starling, "SEEDS for success: Lifestyle management in migraine", Cleve Clin J Med 2019 (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingRCT / meta-analysisIrregular and disturbed sleep patterns are linked to higher blood pressure.Sleep/insomnia & hypertension meta (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateRCT / meta-analysisIrregular sleep timing / social jetlag is associated with ~23% higher odds of overweight/obesity via circadian misalignment."Association Between Social Jetlag and Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", 2024 (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingReview / narrativeCircadian regularity supports the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal rhythm; disrupted schedules relate to poorer reproductive-hormone profiles.Sleep & men’s health (PMC7108988) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingCohort / observationalDisturbed/irregular sleep contributes to the impaired immune response linked to upper-respiratory infection.Physical activity, sleep & respiratory infections (Swedish cohort, PLOS One 2018) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingReview / narrativeThe skin has its own circadian system; disruption impairs barrier function and repair.Skin circadian clock (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateSystematic reviewNight-shift/circadian disruption is associated with elevated TSH and higher rates of subclinical hypothyroidism — the clearest sleep-timing link to thyroid.Shift-work & thyroid systematic review (PMC7084223) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingCohort / observationalIrregular, disturbed sleep patterns track with worse tinnitus - emerging.Tinnitus & sleep (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateRCT / meta-analysisIrregular sleep and circadian misalignment (evening chronotype, shift work) raise diabetes risk independent of sleep length.Sleep features & T2D meta (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingReview / narrativeCircadian/sleep disruption is an emerging contributor to retinal and optic-nerve disease alongside sleep-disordered breathing.Sleep & eye disease review (PMC9544516) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateCohort / observationalIrregular/short sleep and circadian disruption raise CRP and impair antibody responses.Circadian rhythm & immunity (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateCohort / observationalIrregular sleep-wake timing is associated with metabolic abnormalities and glycemic dysregulation.Sleep-regularity and metabolic literature (MESA; UK Biobank) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateCohort / observationalEach 1-hour increase in night-to-night sleep-duration variability raised major cardiovascular events 19% (myocardial infarction 23%, stroke 17%).Huang et al., UK Biobank (accelerometer, n=86,219) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisModerateCohort / observationalGreater sleep regularity (Sleep Regularity Index) was associated with lower all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality; regularity predicted mortality more strongly than duration.Cribb et al., eLife 2023 (UK Biobank, n=88,975) (opens in a new tab)
Sleep regularityWatch thisEmergingCohort / observationalIrregular sleep patterns are associated with poorer cognitive and academic performance.Circadian-disruption / performance literature (opens in a new tab)